NUTRISI KLINIK

Kebutuhan Nutrisi pada Stres Metabolik

1. sepsis
2. trauma (luka bakar)
3. tindakan bedah

=>Terjadi perubahan metabolisme tubuh akibat penyakit berat. stress fisiologik akibat hipermetabolisme yang menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan nutrisi.

Perlu dukungan nutrisi yang adekuat utk mengurangi mortalitas. dengan langkah :

• penilaian status gizi utk mengetahui keadaan umum pasien
• penilaian stres metabolik utk mengetahui perubahan metabolisme akibat penyakitnya (pem. lab : ekskresi nitrogen urea urin, KGD, asam laktat plasma,glukosa dan respiratory quotient)
• penentuan kebutuhan nutrisi dan metode pemberian (kebutuhan nutrisi ditentukan dg menghitung : kalori basal+faktor stres akibat penyakit+aktivitas fisik dari spesific dynamic action makanan)

daftar penyakit sistem pencernaan yang harus dipelajari

1.MULUT

1. labio dan palatoschisis
2. mikrognatia dan makrognatia
3. leukoplakia
4. candidiasis
5. mouth ulcers (aphtous, herpes)
6. glossitis
7. sialolithiasis

2. ESOPHAGUS

1. atresia esophagus
2. achalasia
3. corrosive lesions of esophagus
4. varises esophagus
5. rupture esophagus
6. reflux esophaghitis

3. DIAPHRAGMA

1. hernia diafragmatika
2. hiatus hernia

4. DINDING ABDOMEN DAN HERNIA

1. hernia inguinalis, direct dan indirect
2. hernia femoralis
3. hernia epigastrik
4. hernia insisional
5. hernia umbilikal

5. ACUTE ABDOMEN 

1. peritonitis
2. abscess in pouch of douglas
3. ileus
4. perforation
5. salphigitis
6. appendicitis akut
7. appendicular abscess
8. mesenteric lymphadenitis

6. LAMBUNG DAN DUODENUM

1. gastritis
2. ulkus peptikum/ulkus duodenum
3. perdarahan saluran cerna
4. zollinger-elison syndrome
5. mallory-weiss syndrome
6. gastroenteritis

7. JEJUNUM , ILEUM

1. intestinal atresia
2. meckel's diverticulum
3. umbilical fistula, omphalocoele gastroschisis
4. malrotation
5. regional enteritis

8. COLON

1. irritable bowel syndrime
2. necrotizing enterocolitis
3. diverticulosis/diverticulitis
4. colitis
5. rectal, anal prolapse
6. proctitis
7. hemorrhoids
8. peri anal abscess
9. fistula
10. anal fissure

9. HEPAR

1. fatty liver
2. hepatitis
3. chirrhosis hepatic
4. amoebic liver abscess
5. liver failure
6. hepatoma

10. EMPEDU DAN PANKREAS

1. chole (docho) lithiasis
2. acute cholecystitis
3. hydrops of gall bladder
4. empyema of gall bladder
5. pancreatitis

11. PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS

1. amebiasis
2. giardiasis
3. cryptosporidiasis
4. isosporiasis
5. cyclosporiasis
6. blastochistosis

12. WORM INFECTIONS

1. hookworm diseases
2. strogyloidiasis
3. ascariasis
4. trichuriasis
5. oxyuriasis
6. schistosomiasis
7. taeniasis
8. fasciolopsiasis

13. BACTERIAL INFECTION

1. shigellosis
2. cholera

14. VIRAL INFECTION

1. rotavirus
2. virus hepatitis

15. NEOPLASMA GASTROINTESTINAL

1. benign polyps
2. squamous cell carcinoma
3. adenocarcinoma
4. carcinoid tumor
5. lymphoma

LIVER

1. liver cell adenoma
2. hepatocellular carcinoma
3. cholangiocarcinoma

PANCREAS

1. carcinoma of the pancreas

PEDIATRICS

1. esophageal atresia
2. intestinal atresia
3. anal atresia
4. diafragmatic hernia
5. pyloric stenosis
6. gastro-esophageal reflux
7. gastroenteritis
8. worms
9. dehydration
10. malabsorbtion
11. food intolerance
12. acute abdomen
13. ileus
14. peritonitis
15. intussussception
16. malrotation
17. umbilical hernia
18. merckell's diverticulum
19. crohn's disease
20. ulcerative colitis
21. hirschprung's disease
22. biliary atresia
23. hepatitis
24. reye's syndrome
25. chirrhosis of the liver
26. food allergy

GIZI KLINIK

1. kebutuhan nutrisi pada stress metabolik
2. prinsip penatalaksanaan nutrisi klinik
3. prinsip pemberian nutrisi enteral dan parenteral
4. prinsip monitoring dan evaluasi asuhan nutrisi di klinik

well................that's all maybe.

good luck for block 13 examination test.

hope all of us can pass this block. amiin.. :-)